A secured loan is any loan that requires the borrower to provide the lender with some form of security. In the case of secured home-owner loans, the security will be the borrower's property, regardless of whether it is mortgaged or owned outright. Loans secured against property that is already mortgaged are known as second charges, whereas loans secured against a property owned outright with no existing mortgage in place are known as first charges.

Secured home-owner loans are available in varying amounts and for many different purposes, including debt consolidation. The amount available usually ranges from £3,000 to £50,000, although some lenders will consider lending up to £100,000. The amount borrowed is repaid monthly over a term agreed at the outset, which will usually range between three years and twenty five years. You may be charged a penalty if you repay your loan earlier than agreed, and you should check each lender's individual policy with regards to this.

Lenders charge interest on the amount you borrow, which is referred to as the Annual Percentage Rate (A.P.R). The amount you can borrow, the term available and the A.P.R will all depend upon the equity you have in your property, the lender's view of your ability to repay the loan and your personal circumstances, for example any adverse credit. Subject to your circumstances, you may be able to borrow up to 125% of the property value. The A.P.Rs quoted by the lender will usually be typical rates, and these act as a guide only as the exact rate offered will be on an individual basis. As a general rule, it is advisable to compare the A.P.Rs of different loans, as this is a good way to determine how competitive they are.

Generally, secured loans are much easier to obtain than unsecured loans. This is because the lender has the added benefit of security, which provides protection in the event of a customer's inability to repay. This also means that persons who are self-employed, or who have recently changed jobs, or who have adverse credit can take out a loan. They are also useful for larger amounts or where the applicant requires a longer repayment period.

Lenders frequently use credit scoring facilities and credit reference agencies to assess your suitability. Credit scoring assesses your personal circumstances and statistics to determine which broad category of borrower you fit in to. Credit reference agencies provide a detailed analysis of your financial position as they hold information relating to your credit history, any adverse credit and any existing commitments. They also provide address and electoral roll information. If you are refused a loan or wish to make enquiries concerning your own credit file you can apply to the credit reference agencies for a copy of your credit file.

A secured home-owner loan is subject to The Consumer Credit Act 1974. The Act contains strict regulations about how money is lent and covers loans up to a value of £25,000. Loans for sums greater than £25,000 are unregulated. When taking out a secured loan you will be asked to sign a credit agreement, which should be read carefully as the terms are binding. For regulated loans of under £25,000 the lender must provide a consideration period of 7 days. Lenders offer insurance policies and payment protection schemes to cover your monthly repayments in the event of accident, sickness, unemployment and death (conditions apply). Cover does vary between lenders, as does the cost, therefore you should check individual policies for what is included, and just as importantly, what is excluded.